C62400

I. Standard System and Brand Code

1. Core implementation standards

• American standard: ASTM B150 (standard for processing bars, plates and forgings of copper and copper alloys, including technical requirements of C62400);

• Domestic equivalence:

  • QAl11-6-6 in GB/T 5231 “Grade and Chemical Composition of Processed Copper and Copper Alloy” (the composition and performance are highly consistent with C62400);

  • Industrial standard: ISC number T62200, German standard 2.0978 (abstract 6 verification).

2. Business and Alias

• Common name: C62400 aluminum bronze (strengthened by Al≈11% and Fe≈3%, belonging to a subclass of high aluminum aluminum bronze);
• Industry commonly known as: 11-3 aluminum bronze (simplified expression of Al and Fe content).

II. Chemical composition (mass fraction%, ASTM standard)

III. Mechanical properties (by processing state)

• The density is 7.45 g/cm³ (lighter than nickel-based alloy, suitable for lightweight design);
• Melting point 1030~1060℃ (short-term tolerance to 700℃ high temperature, such as aero-engine bushing);
• Corrosion resistance: the corrosion rate is less than 0.02 mm/a in the atmosphere, fresh water and flowing seawater (better than 304 stainless steel), but avoid strong alkaline environment (alkali corrosion will occur in Al).

IV. Requirements for Heat Treatment and Processing

1. Hot working (core advantage, easy forming):
   • Temperature: 1400 ~ 1625 F (760 ~ 885℃, abstract 4 Copper.org data), excellent hot workability (forging, extrusion and rolling);
   • Advantages: excellent plasticity at high temperature, suitable for manufacturing complex parts (such as propellers and valve bodies).
2. Annealing (plastic recovery):
   • Temperature: 1100 ~ 1200 F (593 ~ 649℃), heat preservation for 1~2 hours and then air cooling;
   • Function: Eliminate cold working stress and restore cutting and welding performance (suitable for subsequent machining).
3. Welding process:
   • Welding material: choose ERCuNiAl welding wire (matching composition to ensure weld strength);
   • Methods: Gas shielded arc welding (GTAW/GMAW) has good performance, and it needs to be preheated to 250℃ before welding (to prevent cold cracks), and aging treatment is recommended after welding (to restore corrosion resistance).

V. Main application fields (high load+moderate corrosion scenario)

1. Mechanical equipment:
   • Wear-resistant parts: bearings, gears, cams, pins (aging state, abrasive wear resistance, life exceeding 2 times of tin bronze);
   • Transmission system: coupling, spline shaft (not slipping under high torque, instead of stainless steel).
2. Ships and oceans:
   • Seawater environment: propeller, impeller of seawater pump (seawater erosion+cavitation resistance, life exceeding 3 times of brass);
   • Deep-sea equipment: underwater fasteners and valves (3000m seawater corrosion resistance, 50% cost reduction instead of titanium alloy).
3. Chemical industry and energy:
   • Corrosion medium: hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid (non-oxidizing acid) pipeline, pump body (corrosion resistance is better than 316L stainless steel);
   • High temperature scene: aero-engine bushing and nuclear power cooling system components (resistant to 300℃ high temperature+corrosion).
4. Military industry and special equipment:
   • Weapon components: gun brake and missile guide (high impact+gas corrosion resistance);
   • High-end instruments: precision instrument wear-resistant shaft, corrosion-resistant connector (excellent precision retention).

Key summary

• Core advantages:

  • Performance balance: the strength is twice that of ordinary copper alloy, the corrosion resistance is close to that of nickel-based alloy, and the wear resistance is super tin bronze;

  • Friendly processing: excellent hot workability, which can manufacture complex shapes and reduce manufacturing costs;

  • Controllable cost: that cost of raw material is only 1/3 of that of nickel-base alloy, which is suitable for large-scale application.

• Limitations:

  • Fast cold working hardening (multiple annealing is needed, which increases the processing cost by 15%);

  • Strong alkaline environment is easy to corrode (Al reacts with OH and needs to be avoided).